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Ministry of Defence
A Ministry of Defence (''UK'') or Defense (''US''), also known as a Department of Defence or Defense, is the common name for a part of the government found in states where the government is divided into ministries or departments, responsible for matters of defence. Such a department usually includes all branches of the military, and is usually controlled by a Defence Minister, Minister of Defence, or Secretary of Defense.
Historically, such departments were referred to as a Ministry of War or War Department, although such departments generally had authority only over the army of a country, with a separate department governing other military branches. Prior to WWII, most "Ministries of War" were Army ministries, while the Navy and the Air Force, if it existed as a separate branch, had their own departments. As late as 1953, for example, the Soviets for instance had a "Ministry of War" alongside a "Ministry of the Navy".
The tendency to consolidate and rename these departments to highlight their purpose as providing "defence" arose after World War II. In India, for example, "the name of the War Department was found objectionable in the sense that the concept had an aggressive aspect which was inconsistent with Indian traditions".〔Nagendra Singh, ''The theory of force and organisation of defence in Indian constitutional history: from earliest times to 1947'' (1969), p. 253.〕
==Ministries of defence==
;Named "Ministry"
* Ministry of Defence (Afghanistan)
* Ministry of Defence (Albania)
* Ministry of Defense (Argentina)
* Ministry of Defence (Armenia)
* Ministry of Defense (Azerbaijan)
* Ministry of Defence (Bangladesh)
* Ministry of Defence (Belarus)
* Ministry of Defence (Belgium)
* Ministry of Defense of Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Ministry of Defence (Brazil)
* Ministry of Defence (Bulgaria)
* Ministry of Defence (Burma)
* Ministry of National Defence, Cambodia
* Ministry of National Defense (Chile)
* Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China
* Ministry of National Defense (Republic of China)
* Ministry of National Defence (Colombia)
* Ministry of Defence (Croatia)
* Ministry of Defence (Czech Republic)
* Ministry of Defence (Denmark)
* Ministry of National Defence (Ecuador)
* Ministry of Defence (Estonia)
* Ministry of Defense (Ethiopia)
* Ministry of Defence (Finland)
* Ministry of Defence (France)
* Ministry of National Defence (Greece)
* Ministry of National Defence (East Germany)
* Federal Ministry of Defence (Germany)
* Ministry of Defence (Guatemala)
* Ministry of Defence (India)
* Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran)
* Ministry of Defence (Iraq)
* Ministry of Defense (Israel)
* Ministry of Defence (Italy)
* Ministry of Defense (Japan)
* Ministry of Defense (Kuwait)
* Ministry of Defence (Latvia)
* Ministry of National Defense (Lebanon)
* Ministry of National Defense (Liberia)
* Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Lithuania
* Ministry of Defence (Malaysia)
* Ministry of Defence (Montenegro)
* Minister of Defence (Namibia)
* Ministry of Defence (Nepal)
* Ministry of Defence (Netherlands)
* Ministry of Defence (New Zealand)
* Ministry of Defence (Nigeria)
* Ministry of People's Armed Forces (North Korea)
* Ministry of Defence (Norway)
* Ministry of Defence (Pakistan)
* Ministry of Defence (Peru)
* Ministry of National Defence of the Republic of Poland
* Ministry of National Defence (Portugal)
* Ministry of Defence (Romania)
* Ministry of Defence (Russia)
* Ministry of Defence (Rwanda)
* Ministry of National Defence (São Tomé and Príncipe)
* Ministry of Defence and Aviation (Saudi Arabia)
* Ministry of Defence (Serbia)
* Ministry of Defence (Slovenia)
* Ministry of Defence (Singapore)
* Ministry of Defence (Sri Lanka)
* Ministry of Defence (Somalia)
* Ministry of National Defense (Republic of Korea)
* Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union
* Ministry of Defence (Spain)
* Ministry of Defence (Sweden)
* Ministry of Defence (Syria)
* Ministry of National Defence (Turkey)
* Ministry of National Defence (Tunisia)
* Ministry of Defence (Thailand)
* Ministry of Defence (Ukraine)
* Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom), since 1964
*
* Ministry of Defence (1947–1964), previous arrangement in the UK
* Ministry of Defence (Vietnam)
* Yugoslav Ministry of Defence
* Ministry of Defence (Zimbabwe)
;Named "Department"
* United States Department of Defense
* Department of Defence (Australia)
* Department of National Defence (Canada)
* Defence Branch, Hong Kong, renamed Security Branch in 1973
* Department of Defence (Ireland)
* Department of National Defense (Philippines)
* Department of Defence (South Africa)
* Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, Switzerland
* Georgia Department of Defense, United States
* Maine Department of Defense, Veterans, and Emergency Management, United States
;Historically named "Ministry of War" or "War Department"
* Ministry of War (Kingdom of Bavaria)
* Ministry of War (Brazil)
* Ministry of War (Japan)
* Secretariat of National Defense (Mexico)
* Prussian Minister of War
* Ministry of War (Russia)
* United States Department of War
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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